Clustering of HCV coinfections on HIV phylogeny indicates domestic and sexual transmission of HCV

Kouyos, R. D.; Rauch, Anna; Boni, Jose-Perol; Yerly Ferrillo, Sabine; Shah, Chandrika; Aubert, Vincent; Klimkait, T.; Kovari, H.; Calmy, Alexandra; Cavassini, M.; Battegay, M.; Vernazza, P. L.; Bernasconi, Enos; Ledergerber, B.; Gunthard, H. F.

doi:10.1093/ije/dyt276

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Title		Clustering of HCV coinfections on HIV phylogeny indicates domestic and sexual transmission of HCV
Authors		Kouyos, R. D. Rauch, Anna Boni, Jose-Perol Yerly Ferrillo, Sabine Shah, Chandrika Aubert, Vincent Klimkait, T. Kovari, H. Calmy, Alexandra Cavassini, M. Battegay, M. Vernazza, P. L. Bernasconi, Enos Ledergerber, B. Gunthard, H. F. show all authors [1 - 15]
Collaboration		Swiss HIV Cohort Study With : Burton-Jeangros, Claudine / Hirschel, Bernard / Kaiser, Laurent / Martinez De Tejada Weber, Begona
Published in		International Journal of Epidemiology. 2014, vol. 43, no. 3, p. 887-896
Abstract		Background: HCV coinfection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected individuals and its incidence has increased dramatically in HIV-infected men who have sex with men(MSM). Methods: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study(SHCS) was studied by combining clinical data with HIV-1 pol-sequences from the SHCS Drug Resistance Database(DRDB). We inferred maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees, determined Swiss HIV-transmission pairs as monophyletic patient pairs, and then considered the distribution of HCV on those pairs. Results: Among the 9748 patients in the SHCS-DRDB with known HCV status, 2768(28%)were HCV-positive. Focusing on subtype B(7644 patients), we identified 1555 potential HIV-1 transmission pairs. There, we found that, even after controlling for transmission group, calendar year, age and sex, the odds for an HCV coinfection were ncreased by an odds ratio (OR) of 3.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2, 4.7) if a patient clustered with another HCV-positive case. This strong association persisted if transmission groups of intravenous drug users (IDUs), MSMs and heterosexuals (HETs) were considered separately(in all cases OR >2). Finally we found that HCV incidence was increased by a hazard ratio of 2.1 (1.1, 3.8) for individuals paired with an HCV-positive partner. Conclusions: Patients whose HIV virus is closely related to the HIV virus of HIV/HCVcoinfected patients have a higher risk for carrying or acquiring HCV themselves. This indicates the occurrence of domestic and sexual HCV transmission and allows the identification of patients with a high HCV-infection risk.
Keywords		HIV-HCV coinfection, molecular epidemiology, genotypic resistance testing, sexual transmission of HCV
Identifiers		DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyt276 PMID: 24453237
Full text		Article (Published version) (417 Kb) - Free access
Structures		Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de médecine
Research group		Groupe Laurent Kaiser (virologie clinique) (668)
Citation (ISO format)		KOUYOS, R. D. et al. Clustering of HCV coinfections on HIV phylogeny indicates domestic and sexual transmission of HCV. In: International Journal of Epidemiology, 2014, vol. 43, n° 3, p. 887-896. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyt276 https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:38173