The field of collaborative problem-solving has been gaining interest over the last decades. However, we are still far from getting a complete picture of its functioning. One of the reasons is undoubtedly its underlying complexity. Indeed, a comprehensive understanding of collaborative problem-solving requires paying attention to various phenomena that dynamically interact when people try to solve problems together. The present thesis aimed at deepening the understanding of collaborative problem-solving at four main levels. The first contribution is an extensive review of the current state of research on various personal and interpersonal processes playing a role in collaborative problem-solving. To this end, we reviewed scientific contributions from different fields of research concerning the cognitive, motivational and relational aspects of collaboration. The second contribution is the construction of an integrative model that considers how these afore-mentioned dimensions interact during collaborative problem-solving at the personal and interpersonal levels. Moreover, the pervasive role of emotions as a source of information and regulation in each of these dimensions is also highlighted, challenging the classic dichotomy between socio-cognitive and socio-emotional spaces of collaboration classically presented in the literature. All in all, this model is intended to provide a theoretical framework for further research in this domain. The third contribution concerns the study of some ways in which emotional processes influence collaborative problem-solving. Four studies explored the impact of self-experienced emotions, explicit sharing of emotions and emotion regulation dispositions on collaborative exchanges and the perception of different aspects of the collaboration. Finally, as a fourth contribution, we build on the findings uncovered in this thesis and the literature to propose new promising avenues for future research in this domain.