Proceedings chapter
OA Policy
English

Lexical and Syntactic Diversity: Still Lost in Machine Translation?

Presented atFirst Workshop on Style in GenAI-Translated Content (StyGenAI), Tilburg, 15 juin 2026
PublisherTilburg : European Association for Machine Translation
Publication date2026-06-15
Abstract

This paper investigates whether recent developments in machine translation (MT) have affected two well-documented stylistic characteristics of MT: reduced lexical diversity and increased source syntax mirroring. Using a corpus of English into French translations, we compared MT outputs produced by a widely used system over time (2024 vs. 2026) and under different models (NMT vs. LLM-based). Lexical diversity is measured using word translation entropy (HTra), and source syntax mirroring using four syntactic similarity metrics. Results show that lexical and syntactic characteristics of NMT output remain stable over time. The LLM-based MT exhibits a slight increase in lexical diversity, but still presents strong signs of lexical overgeneralisation. Syntactic similarity to the source remains largely unchanged. Overall, the findings suggest that recent MT developments have a very limited impact on these two stylistic characteristics.

Keywords
  • Machine translation
  • Translation
  • Artificial intelligence
  • Post-editese
  • LLM
  • Machine generated language
  • Lexical diversity
  • Word translation entropy
  • Syntactic similarity
Citation (ISO format)
VOLKART, Lise, BOUILLON, Pierrette. Lexical and Syntactic Diversity: Still Lost in Machine Translation? In: Proceedings of the First Workshop on Style in GenAI-Translated Content (StyGenAI). Tilburg. Tilburg : European Association for Machine Translation, 2026. p. 89–96. doi: 10.26116/9789403901381
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ISBN9789403901381
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Technical informations

Creation10/06/2026 08:05:51
First validation11/06/2026 06:07:14
Update11/06/2026 06:07:14
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