Obstetric medicine is a specialty that addresses maternal health and medical complications during pregnancy. This emerging specialty responds to the increasing need for specialized intervention in cases of high risk pregnancies, at a time when pregnancies can occur at more advanced ages and where advances in therapeutics now allow to consider pregnancy in mothers with chronic illness. Furthermore, medical conditions specific to pregnancy, such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy or gestational diabetes, are now recognized as emerging risk factors for cardiovascular, metabolic and renal diseases, for which longitudinal care beyond the maternity ward is of critical importance.