Commonly referred as autophagy, macroautophagy is one of the major degradative pathways in eukaryotic cells. During macroautophagy, cytosolic material is engulfed in the autophagosome, a double-membrane-bound vesicle. The autophagosome fuses with endo-lysosomal vesicles, leading to degradation and recycling of the sequestered substrates.Autophagy has been recently shown to play a role in the innate and adaptive immune responses, by acting at multiple and diverse levels. In particular, our group has recently shown that autophagy promotes MHC Class I internalization and degradation in murine dendritic Cells (DCs). Human Leukocyte Antigen-B27 (HLA-B2) is strongly associated with the onset of ankylosing spondylitis, an inflammatory rheumathological disease. In parallel, it was shown that autophagy is up regulated in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Our work will analyse the contribution of autophagy in the expression and degradation of human MHC Class I with a special focus on HLA-B*27:05.