Two examples of the neuropsychological approach to language disorders in children are presented. First, an unusual case of developmental dyslexia is described. It is shown that, contrary to most children with developmental reading disability, this child has normal phonological and metaphonological ablities and that the cause of his difficulties lies in the processes that are involved in the visual analsysis of letter sequences. Secondly, two cases of acquired epileptic aphasia are presented. It is suggested that these children present a selective deficit in processing auditory information (auditory agnosia).Although the initial deficit appears to be similar in both children, the consequences of the deprivation of language input are very different in these two children for a number of factors including age of onset, duration of the acute phase of the disorder, etc.