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SDS-22 stabilizes GSP-1/-2 PP1 subunits contributing to polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos

Published inEMBO reports, vol. 26, no. 24, p. 6240-6265
Publication date2025-12
First online date2025-11-06
Abstract

In many cells, polarity depends on the asymmetric distribution of the conserved PAR proteins, maintained by a balanced activity between kinases and phosphatases. The C. elegans one-cell embryo is polarized along the anterior-posterior axis, with the atypical protein kinase C PKC-3 enriched in the anterior, and the ring finger protein PAR-2 in the posterior. PAR-2 localization is regulated by PKC-3 and the PP1 phosphatases GSP-1/-2. Here we find that depletion of the conserved PP1 interactor SDS-22 leads to a partial rescue of the polarity defects of a pkc-3 temperature-sensitive mutant. Consistent with the rescue, SDS-22 depletion or mutation results in reduced GSP-1/-2 protein levels and activity. The decreased levels of GSP-1/-2 can be rescued by reducing proteasomal activity. Our data suggest that SDS-22 contributes to polarity by protecting the GSP-1 and GSP-2 catalytic subunits from proteasome-mediated degradation, supporting recent data in human cells showing that SDS22 is required to stabilize nascent PP1.

Keywords
  • Cell Polarity
  • PAR Proteins
  • PP1 Phosphatases
  • Proteasomal Degradation
  • SDS22
Citation (ISO format)
LI, Yi, CALVI, Ida, GOTTA, Monica. SDS-22 stabilizes GSP-1/-2 PP1 subunits contributing to polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos. In: EMBO reports, 2025, vol. 26, n° 24, p. 6240–6265. doi: 10.1038/s44319-025-00624-0
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Additional URL for this publicationhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/s44319-025-00624-0
Journal ISSN1469-221X
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