Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections represent a major public health concern due to their role in the development of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Vaccination against oncogenic HPVs has demonstrated high efficacy in preventing associated (pre)cancerous lesions. In Switzerland, HPV vaccination is recommended and reimbursed for individuals aged 11 to 26 years. The development of targeted information campaigns is essential to improve vaccination coverage among boys and vulnerable populations. New approaches, such as single-dose vaccination, targeted vaccination beyond the age of 26, and prophylactic vaccination, appear to be promising strategies for optimizing prevention.