This thesis investigates the overlap between musical rhythm and linguistic syntax processing, focusing on behavioural measures in typical adult participants. Natural language grammars and musical rhythms are both described by structural dependencies where the relationship between two constituents cannot be reduced to simple linear order information. Constituents in linguistic syntax are made up of discrete, formal units, while those in musical rhythm are based primarily on temporal structures. Despite the different nature of their units and differences in the specific properties of their hierarchical structure (e.g., recursion), musical rhythm and linguistic syntax can both characterised as hierarchical sequences, i.e., ordered arrangements of unique elements that can be represented in a tree-like structure in which multiple levels of lower-level units and groups of units are combined into higher-level constituents. Moreover, recent neuroimaging evidence suggests that there may be similar underlying mechanisms involved in the construction of the metrical and syntactic representations. Therefore, we first hypothesised the existence of a system responsible for coding hierarchical sequences recruited by both rhythm and syntax processing. For the purposes of the present investigation, this system has been conceptualised as a link between rhythm and language processing.