Despite the proliferation of autobiographical literary experiment and literary studies scholarship on autobiography over the last fifty years, translation studies research on autobiography remains relatively scarce. This thesis analyses the translation of autobiography in relation to André Lefevere's ideas of rewriting, to explore if and how different instances of rewriting differ from another, and whether the act of the author rewriting differs from that of the translator. Using Annie Ernaux's Passion simple and Se perdre and their English translations as case studies, this thesis interrogates how different instances of rewriting affect the micro-, meso- and macro-level relations between the original and rewritten texts, as well as between the source and target literary and cultural systems.