This chapter deals with Textual Terminology, an approach that emerged in the early 1990s along with other approaches presented in this book. One of its main characteristics is that it arose from an encounter between related disciplines that focused on the use of text mining (Natural Language Processing) and modeling tools (Knowledge Engineering and Artificial Intelligence). These disciplines have worked together to consider the new needs related to terminology, and their evolution. The tools developed and the diversification of needs have resulted in significant methodological developments in Textual Terminology. This chapter traces these developments and discusses the original bases, principles, challenges and perspectives that constitute Textual Terminology.