As early as 1925, the International Bureau of Education (IBE), founded in Geneva, developed various practices that aimed to put forward comparative pedagogy by means of world documentation techniques on education. In doing so, a specific field of practice began to take shape, in close interaction with the pacifist context of the time, the field of educational sciences as it was being established in Geneva and the international organizations. The purpose of this thesis is to study these practices as well as the context and conditions of their deployment, based on a study of the trajectories of the employees and staff of this office. The approach used allows us to reconstruct the history of a field of practice, taking into account the social and relational context of the actors who implement it. The methodology calls upon biographical and prosopographical analysis in history, history from below and the history of women and gender.