At its creation in 1908, ICMI's main goal was to develop a comparative study of the teaching of mathematics in secondary education of 25 countries. When it became a sub-commission of IMU in 1952, ICMI had to deal with the new math reform. At the turn of the 21st century, marking its 100 years of existence, ICMI could benefit from more mature research structures and results in mathematics education in many countries. Some new challenges could thus be faced and the actions towards developing countries became an important goal. In a partnership with IMU (and CDC) and UNESCO, ICMI started in 2011 the first CANP project in Mali aiming at creating a network in Sub-Saharan African countries, to face the challenges of mathematics education. In 2018, the fifth CANP was launched in Latin America. Since then, the main challenge is to enhance these 5 CANP and help them develop and maintain some sustainable networks and activities. In this talk, I will present the main issues and events that marked these 10 years of CANP.