This thesis proposes multiple-neighborhoods local search methods to solve industrial problems, from various fields such as production, transportation, and distribution. The three chapters present three different projects, each executed in collaboration with an international company. The first project is a car wire-harness design problem, for a European manufacturer. The second project regards aircraft landing planning, while accounting for cruise uncertainties, and was carried out with Eurocontrol. The third project proposes an integrated approach to handle a supply chain of a fast-moving-consumer-goods company. Each of the three problems is first mathematically formulated, and then relevant solution methods are presented and compared. All of them have been submitted to international journals.