Every day, 5 women are diagnosed with gynecological cancer in Switzerland. Prognosis of ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer is dependent on early diagnosis. Cervical cancer mortality has decreased since the introduction of screening. Unfortunately, screening in ovarian and endometrial cancer has not shown the same results. On the contrary, patients screened for these cancers have an increased morbidity without any additional benefit of survival. This article presents a review of the clinical benefits and harms of gynecological cancer screening.