Although video games were originally, and for the most part continue to be, an entertainment medium, there has nonetheless been significant scientific interest in the possibility that video gaming may have significant effects on the human brain and human behavior. While much of this research has focused on potential negative outcomes (e.g., effects related to aggression or addiction), there exists a growing body of research outlining positive effects of video game play as well. This chapter will specifically focus on the positive impact that playing one particular type of video game, known as 'action video games,' has on perceptual and attentional skills. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)