Beyond Surprise: The Puzzle of Infants' Expressive Reactions to Expectancy Violation

Article Article scientifique Article Beyond Surprise: The Puzzle of Infants' Expressive Reactions to Expectancy Violation eng 2004 author Scherer Klaus R. 0000-0001-9526-0144 22696 author Zentner Marcel Robert 114823 author Stern Daniel 893319 389-402 10.1037/1528-3542.4.4.389 1528-3542 The reactions of 58 infants to expectancy violation by digitally filtering the experimenter's voice were studied in a cross-sectional design for ages 5, 7, 9, 11-12, and 14 months. The results show that behavioral freezing and changes in gaze direction, but not facial or vocal expression, are reliable responses to expectancy violation. The pattern suggests that a transition in the infant's capacity for cognitive evaluation of novel and discrepant events may occur around age 9 months. These findings confirm the consistent failure to find prototypical facial surprise reactions in research on novel or impossible situations. Componential theories of emotion, which predict adaptive behavior patterns from appraisal processes, may provide clues for underlying mechanisms and generate hypotheses on age-related changes in emotional expression. Infants Puzzle Dewey 150 Swiss National Science Foundation 10-2210.81 CH Swiss National Science Foundation 11-30036.90 CH 108 Section de psychologie 71 false 1241 Affective sciences Emotion 4 4 407f846c-63b1-4e16-963e-b983c6a5880a Article (Published version) Restricted BeyondSurprise2004.pdf 538003 application/pdf restrictedAccess Faculté de psychologie et des sciences de l'éducation / Section de psychologie

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Beyond Surprise: The Puzzle of Infants' Expressive Reactions to Expectancy Violation	Emotion			2004	411	1

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Stern, Daniel