Diagnosis of whooping cough in Switzerland: differentiating Bordetella pertussis from Bordetella holmesii by polymerase chain reaction

Article Article scientifique Article Diagnosis of whooping cough in Switzerland: differentiating Bordetella pertussis from Bordetella holmesii by polymerase chain reaction eng 2014 author Pittet Laure 0000-0002-2395-4574 633427 author Emonet Stéphane 0000-0002-1201-742X 89139 Stéphane Paul Emonet author Francois Patrice 0000-0002-0540-750X 28911 author Bonetti-Sarret Eve-Julie 106230 author Schrenzel Jacques 29184 author Hug Mélanie 507059 author Altwegg Martin author Siegrist Claire-Anne 26816 author Posfay Barbe Klara 39230 e88936 10.1371/journal.pone.0088936 24586447 1932-6203 Bordetella holmesii, an emerging pathogen, can be misidentified as Bordetella pertussis by routine polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In some reports, up to 29% of the patients diagnosed with pertussis have in fact B. holmesii infection and invasive, non-respiratory B. holmesii infections have been reported worldwide. This misdiagnosis undermines the knowledge of pertussis' epidemiology, and may lead to misconceptions on pertussis vaccine's efficacy. Recently, the number of whooping cough cases has increased significantly in several countries. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether B. holmesii was contributing to the increase in laboratory-confirmed cases of B. pertussis in Switzerland. A multiplex species-specific quantitative PCR assay was performed on 196 nasopharyngeal samples from Swiss patients with PCR-confirmed Bordetella infection (median age: 6 years-old, minimum 21 days-old, maximum 86 years-old), formerly diagnosed as Bordetella pertussis (IS481+). No B. holmesii (IS481+, IS1001-, hIS1001+) was identified. We discuss whether laboratories should implement specific PCR to recognize different Bordetella species. We conclude that in Switzerland B. holmesii seems to be circulating less than in neighboring countries and that specific diagnostic procedures are not necessary routinely. However, as the epidemiological situation may change rapidly, periodic reevaluation is suggested. Adolescent Adult Bordetella/classification/genetics Bordetella Infections/diagnosis/microbiology Bordetella pertussis/genetics/isolation & purification Child Child, Preschool DNA, Bacterial/analysis/genetics Diagnosis, Differential Female Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Male Microbiological Techniques/methods Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods Switzerland Whooping Cough/diagnosis/microbiology Young Adult Dewey 616 Dewey 616.07 Dewey 618 137 Département de pathologie et immunologie 21F 56 Département de médecine 221 58 Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique 223 false 143 Centre de Vaccinologie et d'Immunologie néonatale 177 515 Recherche en infectiologie pédiatrique et en pédiatrie générale 853 PloS one 9 2 e9968c13-f9ac-490f-9a70-9d79f53f8f42 Article (Published version) Public 88936.pdf 146500 application/pdf CC BY openAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine fondamentale / Département de pathologie et immunologie Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de médecine Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique

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Diagnosis of whooping cough in Switzerland: differentiating Bordetella pertussis from Bordetella holmesii by polymerase chain reaction	PloS one			2014	767	348

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Hug, Mélanie