β-Klotho deficiency protects against obesity through a crosstalk between liver, microbiota, and brown adipose tissue

Somm, Emmanuel; Henry, Hugues; Bruce, Stephen J; Aeby, Sébastien; Rosikiewicz, Marta; Sykiotis, Gerasimos P; Asrih, Mohamed; Jornayvaz, François; Denechaud, Pierre Damien; Albrecht, Urs; Mohammadi, Moosa; Dwyer, Andrew; Acierno, James S (Jr); Schoonjans, Kristina; Fajas, Lluis; Greub, Gilbert; Pitteloud, Nelly

doi:10.1172/jci.insight.91809

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Title		β-Klotho deficiency protects against obesity through a crosstalk between liver, microbiota, and brown adipose tissue
Authors		Somm, Emmanuel Henry, Hugues Bruce, Stephen J Aeby, Sébastien Rosikiewicz, Marta Sykiotis, Gerasimos P Asrih, Mohamed Jornayvaz, François Denechaud, Pierre Damien Albrecht, Urs Mohammadi, Moosa Dwyer, Andrew Acierno, James S (Jr) Schoonjans, Kristina Fajas, Lluis Greub, Gilbert Pitteloud, Nelly show all authors [1 - 17]
Published in		JCI Insight. 2017, vol. 2, no. 8
Abstract		β-Klotho (encoded by Klb) is the obligate coreceptor mediating FGF21 and FGF15/19 signaling. Klb-/- mice are refractory to beneficial action of pharmacological FGF21 treatment including stimulation of glucose utilization and thermogenesis. Here, we investigated the energy homeostasis in Klb-/- mice on high-fat diet in order to better understand the consequences of abrogating both endogenous FGF15/19 and FGF21 signaling during caloric overload. Surprisingly, Klb-/- mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity (DIO) owing to enhanced energy expenditure and BAT activity. Klb-/- mice exhibited not only an increase but also a shift in bile acid (BA) composition featured by activation of the classical (neutral) BA synthesis pathway at the expense of the alternative (acidic) pathway. High hepatic production of cholic acid (CA) results in a large excess of microbiota-derived deoxycholic acid (DCA). DCA is specifically responsible for activating the TGR5 receptor that stimulates BAT thermogenic activity. In fact, combined gene deletion of Klb and Tgr5 or antibiotic treatment abrogating bacterial conversion of CA into DCA both abolish DIO resistance in Klb-/- mice. These results suggested that DIO resistance in Klb-/- mice is caused by high levels of DCA, signaling through the TGR5 receptor. These data also demonstrated that gut microbiota can regulate host thermogenesis via conversion of primary into secondary BA. Pharmacologic or nutritional approaches to selectively modulate BA composition may be a promising target for treating metabolic disorders.
Identifiers		DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.91809 PMID: 28422755
Full text		Article (Published version) (2 MB) - Free access
Citation (ISO format)		SOMM, Emmanuel et al. β-Klotho deficiency protects against obesity through a crosstalk between liver, microbiota, and brown adipose tissue. In: JCI insight, 2017, vol. 2, n° 8. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.91809 https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:98425