Colorectal polyps are frequent in the general population. The diagnostic is made by endoscopy. Polyp's characteristics determine the technic to be used to remove them. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery offers an alternative to radical surgery for large rectal polyps or rectal tumors with low risk of node invasion. One peace resection is necessary to evaluate the resection margins. Lymphatic invasion, ≥ 1 mm submucosae invasion, tumor budding and poorly differentiated tumor are the four main risk factors for node invasion. In case of high risk of lymph node invasion a radical surgery is recommended. Surveillance must be adapted to the polyp type, their number, size, presence of a carcinomatous component as well as age and clinical status of the patient.