Anderson-Shaw and colleagues' focus in their very inter-esting case discussions is that the three patients they de-scribe are no longer the same person as before (2010). Their personal identity has changed. As the authors recog-nize, however, personal identity has several components. So what, exactly, has changed in these patients? It seems to be their character, rather than their physical or psychological continuity—i.e., their numerical identity (Parfit 1984)—or their ability to plan the future. This change in character is sometimes described as simultaneous with the beginning of psychiatric symptoms consecutive to brain surgery for their tumour. Surgery, then, could have a dramatic effect on character. This is presented as problematic.