Gestational age and gender influence on executive control and its related neural structures in preterm-born children at 6 years of age

Urben, Sébastien; Van Hanswijck De Jonge, Laurence; Barisnikov, Koviljka; Pizzo, Roxane; Monnier, Maryline; Lazeyras, François; Borradori, Cristina; Hüppi, Petra Susan

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Title		Gestational age and gender influence on executive control and its related neural structures in preterm-born children at 6 years of age
Authors		Urben, Sébastien Van Hanswijck De Jonge, Laurence Barisnikov, Koviljka Pizzo, Roxane Monnier, Maryline Lazeyras, François Borradori, Cristina Hüppi, Petra Susan
Published in		Child Neuropsychology. 2015, p. 20p.
Abstract		Within preterm-born children, being born male and at a lower gestational age (GA) have both been associated with a heightened risk for developmental difficulties. However, in this population little is known about the combined effect and the influence of these risk factors on cortical structures and executive control. In the present study, 58 preterm-born children (GA ranging from 24.0 to 35.1 weeks) were administered the computerized Child Attention Network Task at 6 years of age. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was performed and analyzed using Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) in all children. At a behavioral level, boys born <28 weeks of GA had significantly less executive control than preterm-born girls <28 weeks (p = .001) and preterm-born boys ≥28 (p = .003). The reduced executive control in preterm-born boys <28 weeks gestation was related to lower cortical densities in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The current study links the higher incidence of reduced executive control in preterm-born boys to a higher degree of prematurity (low GA) and identifies brain structural abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex related to these deficits. The implications of these results are discussed.
Identifiers		DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2015.1099619 PMID: 26493779
Full text		Article (Published version) (495 Kb) - Limited access to UNIGE
Structures		Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de radiologie et informatique médicale Faculté de psychologie et des sciences de l'éducation / Section de psychologie Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de pédiatrie
Research group		L'imagerie cérébrale (184)
Citation (ISO format)		URBEN, Sébastien et al. Gestational age and gender influence on executive control and its related neural structures in preterm-born children at 6 years of age. In: Child Neuropsychology, 2015, p. 20p. https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:83980