BACKGROUND: Troponin I (cTnI), myoglobin, heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), and natriuretic peptides (BNP, NTproBNP) were all reported to be elevated in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS: To assess the correlation between the aforementioned markers and helical computed tomography (hCT) right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) in non massive PE, we performed this prospective pilot study on 50 patients. RESULTS: Patients with RVD had significant higher natriuretic peptides prevalence than cardiomyocytes damage-related markers (48% vs 20%, P=0.006). Significant prevalence differences were observed only for natriuretic peptides when patients with RVD and those without were compared (74% vs 33% for NT-pro BNP, P=0.005 and 65% vs 22% for BNP, P=0.003). Patients with RVD had significant higher biomarkers median plasmatic values than those without (BNP: 170 vs 36 pg/ml, P=0.0027; NT-proBNP: 1369 vs 170.7 pg/ml, P=0.0024; cTnI: 0.032 vs 0 ng/ml, P=0.0034; H-FABP: 4.32 vs 2.23 ng/ml, P=0.0032; myoglobin: 36.7 vs 28.2 ng/ml, P=0.03). Significant correlations were only obtained between RV/LV index and plasmatic natriuretic peptides (NT-proBNP: r=0.36, P=0.009; BNP r=0.28; P=0.047). CONCLUSIONS: Natriuretic peptides prevalence elevation and median values are significantly higher when RVD is present and significantly correlate with hCT RVD.