Chagas disease, a parasitic infection by Trypanosoma cruzi, is endemic in Latin America and affects 8-10 million people. It is a major emerging infection in Europe and the USA. The routes of transmission include congenital, vectorial means and through unscreened blood or organ donation. Potentially fatal complications include cardiomyopathy with conduction abnormality, arrhythmia, thromboembolic cerebrovascular events and digestive tract involvement (mega-syndrome).