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Scientific article
Review
English

Stops walking when talking: a predictor of falls in older adults?

Contributors

Beauchet, Olivier; Annweiler, C.; Dubost, V.; Allali, Gilles; Kressig, R W.; Bridenbaugh, S.; Berrut, G.; Assal, Frédéric; Herrmann, François

Published in

European Journal of Neurology, vol. 16, no. 7, p. 786-795

Publication date

2009

Abstract

The objective of this study was to systematically review all published articles examining the relationship between the occurrence of falls and changes in gait and attention-demanding task performance whilst dual tasking amongst older adults. An English and French Medline and Cochrane library search ranging from 1997 to 2008 indexed under 'accidental falls', 'aged OR aged, 80 and over', 'dual task', 'dual tasking', 'gait', 'walking', 'fall' and 'falling' was performed. Of 121 selected studies, fifteen met the selection criteria and were included in the final analysis. The fall rate ranged from 11.1% to 50.0% in retrospective studies and from 21.3% to 42.3% in prospective ones. Amongst the three retrospective and eight prospective studies, two and six studies, respectively, showed a significant relationship between changes in gait performance under dual task and history of falls. The predictive value for falling was particularly efficient amongst frail older adults compared with healthy subjects. Two prospective studies challenged the usefulness of the dual-task paradigm as a significant predictor compared to single task performance and three studies even reported that gait changes whilst dual tasking did not predict falls. The pooled odds ratio for falling was 5.3 (95% CI, 3.1-9.1) when subjects had changes in gait or attention-demanding task performance whilst dual tasking. Despite conflicting early reports, changes in performance whilst dual tasking were significantly associated with an increased risk for falling amongst older adults and frail older adults in particular. Description of health status, standardization of test methodology, increase of sample size and longer follow-up intervals will certainly improve the predictive value of dual-task-based fall risk assessment tests.

Keywords

  • Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data
  • Aging/physiology
  • Databases, Bibliographic/statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Psychomotor Performance/physiology
  • Walking/physiology

UNIGE affiliation entities

UNIGE research groups

Citation (ISO format)

BEAUCHET, Olivier et al. Stops walking when talking: a predictor of falls in older adults? In: European Journal of Neurology, 2009, vol. 16, n° 7, p. 786–795. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02612.x

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Article (Published version)

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Creation

25/03/2010 16:29:00

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25/03/2010 16:29:00

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