Gastroesophageal reflux is frequent source of consultation at the paediatrician's room, although most GER resolve spontaneously in infancy. In most cases, after a thorough anamnesis and a full physical examination prokinetic and anti-acid medications are started, as well as postural change, without the assistance of a specialist. When reflux is complicated by either oesophagitis, respiratory symptoms, failure to thrive or when the above treatment fail, further investigations need to be undertaken. Their option will depend on the clinical presentation. Rarely GER will lead to surgery.