This thesis presents a new class of methods and tools dealing with complex systems and their dynamics. We investigate the emerging behaviours of three stylized micro-economical models that simulate goods, labour, and credit markets, the three main ingredients that sustain an economy. In a goods market, economic actors exchange goods against cash. In labour market, economic actors exchange working hours against cash. In credit market, economic actors lend and redeem cash between them. We found that the structure of interactions between components plays a key role on the emerging behaviours. A cyclic interaction stabilizes goods and labour markets, but accumulates debt on credit market and drives to systemic avalanche of defaults. Some stylized facts in real economy are reproduced such as the Zipf law and the exponential growth of total accumulated debts. In controllability point of view, we found that acyclic interactions need power-law control and cyclic interactions need exponential control.