In this study, we questioned whether propofol provided clinical benefits compared with midazolam in terms of neuropsychometric recovery, safety profile and patient tolerance for sedation during bronchoscopy. Patients were randomized to receive midazolam or propofol to achieve moderate levels of sedation. The primary endpoint was the time delay until recovery. Other endpoints included serious respiratory adverse events, patient tolerance and physician satisfaction. Neuropsychometric recovery was improved in the propofol compared to the midazolam. In the midazolam group, 15% of patients presented profound sedation after the procedure and one patient required mechanical ventilatory support. Patient's tolerance was significantly better in the propofol. Compared with midazolam, propofol provided a higher quality of sedation in terms of neuropsychometric recovery and patient's tolerance. Propofol administration represents a safe sedation technique that can be performed by the non-anaesthesiologist.