DNA binding of the cell cycle transcriptional regulator GcrA depends on N6-adenosine methylation in Caulobacter crescentus and other Alphaproteobacteria

Fioravanti, Antonella; Fumeaux, Coralie; Mohapatra, Saswat S; Bompard, Coralie; Brilli, Matteo; Frandi, Antonio; Castric, Vincent; Villeret, Vincent; Viollier, Patrick; Biondi, Emanuele G

doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003541

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Title		DNA binding of the cell cycle transcriptional regulator GcrA depends on N6-adenosine methylation in Caulobacter crescentus and other Alphaproteobacteria
Authors		Fioravanti, Antonella Fumeaux, Coralie Mohapatra, Saswat S Bompard, Coralie Brilli, Matteo Frandi, Antonio Castric, Vincent Villeret, Vincent Viollier, Patrick Biondi, Emanuele G show all authors [1 - 10]
Published in		PLOS Genetics. 2013, vol. 9, no. 5, e1003541
Abstract		Several regulators are involved in the control of cell cycle progression in the bacterial model system Caulobacter crescentus, which divides asymmetrically into a vegetative G1-phase (swarmer) cell and a replicative S-phase (stalked) cell. Here we report a novel functional interaction between the enigmatic cell cycle regulator GcrA and the N6-adenosine methyltransferase CcrM, both highly conserved proteins among Alphaproteobacteria, that are activated early and at the end of S-phase, respectively. As no direct biochemical and regulatory relationship between GcrA and CcrM were known, we used a combination of ChIP (chromatin-immunoprecipitation), biochemical and biophysical experimentation, and genetics to show that GcrA is a dimeric DNA-binding protein that preferentially targets promoters harbouring CcrM methylation sites. After tracing CcrM-dependent N6-methyl-adenosine promoter marks at a genome-wide scale, we show that these marks recruit GcrA in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found that, in the presence of a methylated target, GcrA recruits the RNA polymerase to the promoter, consistent with its role in transcriptional activation. Since methylation-dependent DNA binding is also observed with GcrA orthologs from other Alphaproteobacteria, we conclude that GcrA is the founding member of a new and conserved class of transcriptional regulators that function as molecular effectors of a methylation-dependent (non-heritable) epigenetic switch that regulates gene expression during the cell cycle.
Keywords		Adenosine/genetics — Alphaproteobacteria/growth & development — Amino Acid Sequence — Caulobacter crescentus/genetics/growth & development — Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/metabolism — DNA Methylation/genetics — DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics — Epigenesis, Genetic — Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial — Methyltransferases/genetics/metabolism — Promoter Regions, Genetic — Transcription, Genetic
Identifiers		DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003541 PMID: 23737758
Full text		Article (Published version) (7 MB) - Free access
Structures		Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine fondamentale / Département de microbiologie et médecine moléculaire
Research group		Régulation du cycle cellulaire dans C.crescentus, une bactérie asymétrique (895)
Citation (ISO format)		FIORAVANTI, Antonella et al. DNA binding of the cell cycle transcriptional regulator GcrA depends on N6-adenosine methylation in Caulobacter crescentus and other Alphaproteobacteria. In: PLOS Genetics, 2013, vol. 9, n° 5, p. e1003541. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003541 https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:32604