Muscular wasting is frequently encountered in COPD patients and is related to a decrease in exercise tolerance, a higher morbidity and mortality. One of the potential causes isa low serum testosterone, which is frequent in COPD. Various studies have explored the effect of testosterone administration alone or as part of combined pulmonary rehabilitation and nutrition protocols. Testosterone had a positive impact on muscle mass and force, and to a lesser extent on physical endurance and respiratory parameters. Future studies should better define appropriate dosage and treatment duration. In the meantime, testosterone should be administered to COPD patients with overt hypogonadism, or in multidisciplinary specialized programmes.