Cognitive attitudes and beliefs towards food and body shape are repeatedly reported as a maintaining factor of obesity. In order to assess evolution of those cognitions following a dietary treatment 18 overweight and obese females undergoing a dietary treatment were assessed using the Mizes Anorectic Cognitions questionnaire (revised form) before and after a 3-month moderate calorie restricted diet. Binge eating status was also assessed in pre-treatment. The main finding of the present study is persistence of anorectic cognitions following a moderate calorie restricted diet treatment, and furthermore a more pejorative evolution of those cognitions in patients with binge symptomatology.