Gestational diabetes (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy and its prevalence is increasing continuously. Diagnosis, screening of GDM and therapeutic interventions are topics of ongoing controversies and uncertainty that have contributed to make the management of GDM complex and different from one country to another. Recent studies, such as ACHOIS and HAPO, have contributed to better define screening criteria and international recommendations and have demonstrated that management of GDM, including glucose monitoring, diet and insulin if needed, is worthwhile. This article summarizes the current status of screening, management of GDM and postpartum follow-up.