This PhD dissertation, which earned the highest distinction, studies the violent Wahhabism ideology by focusing first on Ibn Taymiyya's ideology which greatly influenced Wahhabis. It then approaches the foundation of the warlike Wahhabi doctrine during the first Saudi state (1745–1818); its revival in the second state (1819 – 1889), and through the beginning of the third state (1902 – 1925); its abandonment in 1925; and its adoption by the al-Qaeda movement. This work focuses mainly on Ibn Taymiyya and Wahhabi doctrines related to jihad against Muslims and non-Muslims and examines several political and historical aspects that contributed to the emergence of these doctrines. Finally, this doctoral dissertation is based on 245 original Arabic texts from the 13th century and the 18th to the 21st centuries translated into French.