This dissertation focuses on a group of Arabic-speaking Jewish intellectuals in Baghdad, starting from the Young Turk revolution in 1908, and ending in 1951, before the mass emigration of Iraqi Jews. Based on a critical reading of their contributions in the press as well as official documents, this research examines how strategies were negotiated by these actors, in order to maintain a presence in the Iraqi public sphere. Although they were doubly marginalized – as a minority on the one hand, and as modern intellectuals (muthaqqafun) who tend to oppose the state on the other hand – these intellectuals have continuously expressed their views on the most sensitive political debates in Iraq. Nationalism, sectarianism, anti-colonialism, anti-nazism, and anti-fascism; these young journalists and writers have publicly dealt with all these issues. This study follows their itinerary during a turbulent period in Iraqi history: the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the creation of the Nation state, two world wars, two coups d'Etat, and the creation of the State of Israel, eventually leading to their departure from Iraq.