Among recent technological progress, electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB), based on the principle of "GPS", allows the bronchoscopist to reach parenchymal lesions situated beyond the field of regular bronchoscopy. Compared to CT-scan guided transthoracic needle aspiration, the yield is lower (65%). However, the rate of complication (pneumothorax, hemorrhage) is significantly lower and the patient is not irradiated. Moreover, the yield remains stable also for cases associated to a lower yield of the transthoracic approach (small and/or deep and/or benign lesion). Beyond the diagnosis of peripheral lung nodules, ENB (alone or in combination with endobronchial ultrasound) is also an efficient and safe tool for disease staging by simultaneous (during the same procedure) sampling of associated hypermetabolic lymph nodes.