Scientific article
OA Policy
English

The Art of No Deal: Collective Procrastination in Nigeria-EU Return Diplomacy

Published inGeopolitics, p. 1-33
First online date2026-10-06
Abstract

This article revisits a decade-long stalemate in Nigeria-EU return diplomacy, where negotiations over an EU Readmission Agreement remain unresolved despite Nigeria’s centrality to European migration policy. We develop an analytical framework inspired by Pierre Bourdieu to analyse the practice of migration diplomacy. Drawing on expert interviews, policy documents, parliamentary debates, and media reports, we conclude that the protracted negotiations are the result of collective procrastination, based on the interplay of ceremonial commitments to advance an agreement while tacitly obstructing progress. Procrastination allowed the EU to signal continued engagement in migration policy while avoiding admitting failure, and enabled Nigeria to prevent formal acceptance of unpopular deportations while bolstering its image as an emerging power. This study shows that when stakes in migration diplomacy are high and neither party holds a clearly superior negotiation position, both sides can secure symbolic gains from procrastinating and mastering the art of no deal.

Keywords
  • Asylum
  • EU
  • International relations
  • Migration diplomacy
  • Nigeria
Funding
Citation (ISO format)
RAUSIS, Frowin, LAVENEX, Sandra, ADEKOLA, Paul O. The Art of No Deal: Collective Procrastination in Nigeria-EU Return Diplomacy. In: Geopolitics, 2026, p. 1–33. doi: 10.1080/14650045.2026.2742959
Main files (1)
Article (Published version)
Identifiers
Journal ISSN1465-0045
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Creation07/10/2026 07:02:00
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Update30/10/2026 07:39:31
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