OBJECTIVE: To study cytotechnologist (CT)-cytopathologist (CP) concordance for evaluating individual CTs' performance and for quality assurance and educational feedback. STUDY DESIGN: The interpretations of individual CTs were compared with the final interpretations (according to the 2001 Bethesda System) of the CP. Concordance percentages and kappa values were calculated for each CT and correlated with the numbers of dots on each slide, years of experience and percentage of work hours devoted to cytology. RESULTS: A total of 10,453 Pap tests were screened by 9 CTs during one year, out of which 993 (9.5%) were referred to one CP for a final interpretation. Mean concordance between the aggregate CT interpretations and those of the CP was 65.5%. Five CTs had good concordance, 3 had moderately good concordance, and one had surprisingly poor concordance that contrasted with good subjective impressions. No correlation was found between concordance and the average number of dots per slide, screening experience in cervicovaginal cytology or percentage of work hours devoted to cytology. CONCLUSION: Monitoring CT-CP concordance rates can unveil performance issues not detected by subjective impressions. An excessive number of dots per slide may not reflect poor diagnostic precision so much as a lack of confidence in interpretation.