Scientific article
English

Differences in symptom duration and return to sport following sport-related concussion between French-speaking Canadian and European athletes

Published inBrain injury, vol. 40, no. 4, p. 288-295
Publication date2026
First online date2026-01-21
Abstract

Objectives: To examine self-reported sport-related concussion (SRC) symptom duration and return to sport (RTS) timelines across countries and sport demographics in a large international cohort.

Methods: An anonymous survey collected sociodemographic data and concussion history from French-speaking athletes affiliated with the ReFORM IOC Research Center. SRC symptoms and RTS durations were analyzed by geographic origin (Canada, Europe) and a multivariate analysis examined the combined impact of geographic origin, sex, age group (minor, adult), professional status (amateur, professional) and SRC risk (low, moderate, high).

Results: Of 998 participants (Canada: 635; Europe: 363), 409 (41%) reported a history of SRC. Median [IQR] symptom duration was longer in Canada (30 [14, 91] days) than Europe (7 [2, 21] days; p  < 0.001). RTS was also longer in Canada (28 [14, 61] vs. 10 [7, 21] days; p  < 0.001).The binary logistic regression identified geographic origin (Canada) and sex (female) as significant predictors of prolonged symptom duration (i.e. >14 days) and return to sport (i.e. >20 days), while age group, professional status and SRC risk did not significantly influence these durations.

Conclusion: SRC recovery times differ significantly by geography and sex in French-speaking athletes. European athletes and males report shorter symptom and RTS durations.

Keywords
  • Traumatic brain injury
  • Concussion
  • Epidemiology
  • Head injuries
  • Sports injuries
Citation (ISO format)
MARTENS, Géraldine et al. Differences in symptom duration and return to sport following sport-related concussion between French-speaking Canadian and European athletes. In: Brain injury, 2026, vol. 40, n° 4, p. 288–295. doi: 10.1080/02699052.2026.2617450
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accessLevelRestricted
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Journal ISSN0269-9052
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Creation10/05/2026 15:03:59
First validation18/05/2026 09:27:48
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