Malaria remains a major global health burden despite extensive control efforts. The disease is caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium, with P. falciparum being the deadliest species. Parasite development depends on tightly coordinated signalling pathways and extensive cytoskeletal remodelling, yet the mechanisms underlying these processes remain poorly understood. In this thesis I investigates how cytoskeletal organisation and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent signalling control merozoite egress from host red blood cells and transmission to the Anopheles mosquito vector. I identified the microtubule-binding doublecortin-domain protein (DCX) as a conserved component of multiple parasite cytoskeletal structures required for proper microtubule organisation and transmission. In parallel, this work demonstrated that a membrane-associated signalling platform centred on guanylyl cyclase α (GCα) integrates extracellular cues to coordinate key developmental transitions, including merozoite egress and male gametocyte activation. Together, these findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying malaria parasite development and transmission.