Objective: A study was made of the events occurring in the early post-resuscitation phase that may help to improve the outcomes at hospital discharge.

Design: A retrospective cohort study (2007-2017) of a prospective Utstein type registry database was carried using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Pre- and post-hospital admission events were investigated.

Participants: Unconscious victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with documented ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation.

Main variables of interest: Events occurring before and within 72h after intensive care unit (ICU) admission were recorded. The variables were analyzed to determine their impact on hospital survival and poor neurological outcome. One-year follow-up survival was also considered. Results are presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI).

Results: Of 245 patients admitted to our ICU after OHCA, 152 (62%) were alive and 131 (86.2%) presented good neurological outcomes (cerebral performance categories≤2) at hospital discharge. The one-year follow-up survival rate was 95.9%. Age >70 years (OR 2.0; 95%CI 1.1-4.1), previous myocardial infarction (OR 2.7; 95%CI 1.2-6.1), shock upon hospital admission (OR 2.9; 95%CI 1.3-6.2), time from call to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) >25min (OR 3.1; 95%CI 1.6-6.0) and anticonvulsant therapy (OR 18.2; 95%CI 5.5-60) were independent predictors of poor neurological outcome. Immediate admission to the cardiac centre (OR 0.5; 95%CI 0.3-0.9) and lactate clearance reaching plasma levels <2.5mmol/l at 12h (OR 0.4; 95%CI 0.2-0.8) were associated with better outcomes.

Conclusions: Unconscious OHCA patients with documented ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation may benefit from direct admission to a reference cardiac centre. Initial haemodynamic support, urgent coronary angiography and targeted management in the cardiac ICU seem to increase the likelihood of good neurological outcomes.