After the downfall of the Assad Dynasty who ruled over Syria for 54 years, the country has been left in ruins. One-third of the population has been displaced, and the majority of Syrians are now living in poverty. The country must be rebuilt, but to do so effectively, a clear strategy is required. The question of funding is central to this process. However, it is complicated by the dependence on and interference of foreign actors. This Master’s thesis aims to analyze the strategies employed for Syria’s reconstruction under Bashar al-Assad until the period after his downfall. It seeks to understand these strategies beyond the lens of sectarianism, while incorporating a socio-economic perspective on the Syrian conflict. The reconstruction efforts were primarily designed to strengthen the social ties between Assad and his allies, while reinforcing his authority over the country. However, with his regime’s collapse, new plans for reconstruction must now be considered. Thus, this research will attempt to establish a foundation for a reconstruction plan that is conceived for and by the Syrian people.