Scientific article
OA Policy
English

TARA 2.0 for Connected and Automated Vehicles

Publication date2025-05-22
First online date2025-06-20
Abstract

Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs) represent a transformative shift in transportation, offering enhanced safety, and efficiency. However, achieving full automation at levels four and five of the Society of Automotive Engineering (SAE) scale poses significant cybersecurity and privacy risks. To address these risks, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) regulations and ISO/SAE 21434 mandate Threat Analysis and Risk Assessment (TARA) as a core methodology for cyber risk management. Existing TARA frameworks, designed for conventional vehicles, fall short for higher automation levels, neglecting complexities such as the absence of human control and data-driven decision making concerns. This work, conducted within ULTIMO, a project tackling the CAVs deployment challenges, introduces TARA 2.0, an enhanced framework addressing cybersecurity, privacy, and expert subjectivity in risk assessment. A step-by-step experimental implementation demonstrates its feasibility, compliance with standards, and potential to secure the deployment of fully automated vehicles.

Keywords
  • Autonomous vehicles
  • Road vehicle cybersecurity risk assessment
  • Automotive threat analysis and risk assessment
  • Intelligent transport systems
  • ISO/SAE 21434
Funding
  • European Commission - ULTIMO - Advancing Sustainable User-centric Mobility with Automated Vehicles [101077587]
Citation (ISO format)
BENYAHYA, Meriem et al. TARA 2.0 for Connected and Automated Vehicles. In: IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems, 2025, p. 15. doi: 10.1109/TITS.2025.3574638
Main files (1)
Article (Published version)
Identifiers
Journal ISSN1524-9050
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214downloads

Technical informations

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