This chapter, “Sustainable Development,” examines the rise of global health goals to facilitate sustainable development. It focuses on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2030 Agenda), which establishes a comprehensive global policy framework for international development. In advancing sustainable development, the 2030 Agenda was developed as a follow-up to the Millennium Declaration, which had been announced at the turn of the century as a policy foundation to alleviate poverty and address inequalities under 8 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The 2030 Agenda builds on the MDGs to establish 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including SDG 3, which specifically seeks to promote good health and well-being. SDG 3 brings together thirteen targets aimed at improving health outcomes and strengthening state capacities to promote public health services and ensure universal health coverage. In addition to Goal 3, the SDGs include goals and targets aimed at addressing a wide range of interconnected determinants of health, including climate action, clean water and sanitation, energy access, hunger, and poverty. By shaping global development efforts, the implementation of the 2030 Agenda is establishing global health law norms and shaping global health governance.