Aims : Describe the outcomes reported in research on health systems interventions for type 1 diabetes management in comparison to the outcomes proposed by a core outcome set (COS) for this condition, an essential list of outcomes that studies should measure.

Methods : Systematic search of studies published between 2010 and 2021 reporting health systems interventions directed to improve the management of type 1 diabetes using PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL. Information on the outcomes was extracted and classified according to a COS: self‐management, level of clinical engagement, perceived control over diabetes, diabetes‐related quality of life, diabetes burden, diabetes ketoacidosis, severe hypoglycemia, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C).

Results : 187 studies were included. Most of the studies included either children ( n = 82/187) or adults ( n = 82/187) living with type 1 diabetes. The most common outcome measured was HbA1C ( n = 149/187), followed by self‐management ( n = 105/187). While the least measured ones were diabetes ketoacidosis ( n = 15/187), and clinical engagement ( n = 0/187). None of the studies measured all the outcomes recommended in the COS. Additionally, different tools were found to be used in measuring the same outcome.

Conclusions : This study provides a description of what researchers are measuring when assessing health systems interventions to improve type 1 diabetes management. In contrast to a COS, it was found that there is a predominance of clinical‐based outcomes over patient‐reported outcome measures.