Scientific article
English

Solar Modulation of Cosmic Nuclei over a Solar Cycle: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Published inPhysical review letters, vol. 134, no. 5, 051001
Publication date2025
First online date2025-02-03
Abstract

We report the properties of precision time structures of cosmic nuclei He, Li, Be, B, C, N, and O fluxes over an 11-year solar cycle from May 2011 to November 2022 in the rigidity range from 1.92 to 60.3 GV. The nuclei fluxes show similar but not identical time variations with amplitudes decreasing with increasing rigidity. In particular, below 3.64 GV the Li, Be, and B fluxes, and below 2.15 GV the C, N, and O fluxes, are significantly less affected by solar modulation than the He flux. We observe that these differences in solar modulation are linearly correlated with the differences in the spectral indices of the cosmic nuclei fluxes. This shows, in a model-independent way, that solar modulation of galactic cosmic nuclei depends on their spectral shape. In addition, solar modulation differences due to nuclei velocity dependence on the mass-to-charge ratio (A/Z) are not observed.

Research groups
Funding
  • U.S. Department of Energy - [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
  • National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center -
  • CERN -
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology -
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences -
  • Institute of High Energy Physics -
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China - [12275158]
  • Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China -
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China - [2022YFA1604802]
  • China Scholarship Council -
  • Government of Shandong Province -
  • Government of Jiangsu Province -
  • Government of Guangdong Province -
  • Shandong University -
  • Research Council of Finland - [321882]
  • Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia - [301123]
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique -
  • Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules -
  • Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales -
  • Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt - [50OO1803]
  • RWTH Aachen University -
  • Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare -
  • Agenzia Spaziale Italiana - [2019-19-HH.0]
  • Università degli Studi di Perugia -
  • Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca -
  • Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología - [CF-2019/2042]
  • Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek - [680-1-004]
  • Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia - [CERN/FIS-PAR/0013/2019]
  • Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas -
  • Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias -
  • Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial -
  • Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación -
  • Agencia Estatal de Investigación -
  • European Regional Development Fund - [PID2022-137810NB-C21/C22]
  • Fondation Ernst et Lucie Schmidheiny -
  • Academia Sinica -
  • National Science and Technology Council -
  • Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan - [111-2123-M-001-004]
  • National Cheng Kung University -
  • Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Ara?t?rma Kurumu - [2020TAEK(CERN)A5.H1.F5-26]
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration - [80NSSC20K1819]
  • Johnson Space Center -
  • Marshall Space Flight Center -
  • Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México -
  • Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology, China -
  • ANSWERS -
  • Fondation Dr. Manfred Steuer -
  • National Science Foundation - Cosmic-ray Antinuclei as Messengers of New Physics [2013228]
Citation (ISO format)
BOURQUIN, Maurice et al. Solar Modulation of Cosmic Nuclei over a Solar Cycle: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer. In: Physical review letters, 2025, vol. 134, n° 5, p. 051001. doi: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.051001
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Article (Published version)
accessLevelRestricted
Identifiers
Journal ISSN0031-9007
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