Global changes affecting the rice fields of Lower Casamance since several decades push the women cultivators to experience new practices and select new rice varieties. The present paper aims at illustrating how the environmental representations of women allow them to tackle everchanging and dynamic knowledge and practices, thus participating in the on-going rice production, even though soil and water resources are degraded. Such practices of care are directly linked to the women's understanding of the landscapes and their evolution, and they respond to the need for rice production, be it social, cultural or spiritual.