Gaucher disease. Gaucher disease is a rare lysosomal autosomal recessive disease, caused by a deficiency of glucocerebrosidase, a lysosomal enzyme. The most frequent symptoms are cytopenia, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and potentially severe bone involvement (bone infarcts, avascular osteonecrosis, and pathological fractures). Neurological involvement may occur in type 2 and type 3 Gaucher disease. Patients with type 1 Gaucher disease have an increased risk of Parkinson disease, some solid cancers, and some hematologic malignancies including multiple myeloma. Patients often experience delays before their disease is being diagnosed. Thus, there is a need for physicians to recognize Gaucher disease symptoms to reduce the risk of irreversible complications.