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Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor rogaratinib in patients with advanced pretreated squamous-cell non-small cell lung cancer over-expressing FGFR mRNA: The SAKK 19/18 phase II study

Published inLung cancer, vol. 172, p. 154-159
Publication date2022-10
First online date2022-08-28
Abstract

Background: Patients with advanced squamous-cell lung cancer (SQCLC) frequently (46%) exhibit tumor overexpression of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). Rogaratinib is a novel oral pan-FGFR inhibitor with a good safety profile and anti-tumor activity in early clinical trials as a single agent in FGFR pathway-addicted tumors. SAKK 19/18 determined clinical activity of rogaratinib in patients with advanced SQCLC overexpressing FGFR1-3 mRNA.

Methods: Patients with advanced SQCLC failing standard systemic treatment and with FGFR1-3 mRNA tumor overexpression as defined in the protocol received rogaratinib 600 mg BID until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. A 6-months progression-free survival rate (6mPFS) ≤15 % was considered uninteresting (H0), whereas a 6mPFS ≥38 % was considered promising (H1). According to a Simon 2-stage design, 2 out of 10 patients of the first stage were required to be progression-free at 6 months. Comprehensive Genomic Profiling was performedusing the Oncomine Comprehensive Assay Plus (Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Results: Between July 2019 and November 2020, 49 patients were screened and 20 were classified FGFR-positive. Among a total of 15 patients, 6mPFS was reached in 1 patient (6.7 %), resulting in trial closure for futility after the first stage. There were 7 (46.7 %) patients with stable disease and 5 (33.3 %) patients with progressive disease. Median PFS was 1.6 (95 % CI 0.9-3.5) months and median overall survival (OS) 3.5 (95 % CI 1.0-5.9) months. Most frequent treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) included hyperphosphatemia in 8 (53 %), diarrhea in 5 (33 %), stomatitis in 3 (20 %) and nail changes in 3 (20 %) patients. Grade ≥3 TRAEs occurred in 6 (40 %) patients. No associations between mutational profile and treatment outcome were observed.

Conclusion: Despite preliminary signals of activity, rogaratinib failed to improve PFS in patients with advanced SQCLC overexpressing FGFR mRNA. FGFR inhibitors in SQCLC remain a challenging field, and more in-depth understanding of pathway crosstalks may lead to the development of drug combinations with FGFR inhibitors resulting in improved outcomes.

Keywords
  • FGFR inhibitor
  • SQCLC
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms / genetics
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Piperazines
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Pyrroles
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Thiophenes
Research groups
Citation (ISO format)
ADDEO, Alfredo et al. Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor rogaratinib in patients with advanced pretreated squamous-cell non-small cell lung cancer over-expressing FGFR mRNA: The SAKK 19/18 phase II study. In: Lung cancer, 2022, vol. 172, p. 154–159. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.08.016
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Identifiers
Journal ISSN0169-5002
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Creation27/02/2023 11:19:00
First validation27/02/2023 11:19:00
Update time08/10/2024 17:16:07
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