This introductory chapter carves out a space for the histories of emotions and the senses within humanitarian visual culture, by examining the performativity of images in the construction of humanitarian crises. To this end, it analyses how illustrated pamphlets, cinema talks, photographs, documentary films, graphic novels and virtual reality environments have mobilised the affective responses of audiences, thus creating transnational networks of solidarity from the nineteenth century to present-day society. Furthermore, it questions presentist conceptions of pain, compassion, sympathy and empathy, as well as that these emotions have been the natural reaction of spectators regarding the pain of others. The chapter concludes by showing the potential of investigating related conceptions of indignation, shame, rage and horror in order to advocate for a history of humanitarian experiences.