The unique psychological features of the perinatal period provide a key opportunity for psychotherapy of analytical inspiration. This period allows privileged access to an internal world that is undergoing vast change, particularly movable, and searching for positive and reliable parental identity images, thus guaranteeing the subject's strong investment in the psychotherapy process. In this article, the authors describe the psychological shock involved in entering parenthood, along with the special nature of psychotherapeutic interventions during this period. These involve the motivations, the transfer and its handling, the advantages to initiating psychotherapy before the child is born, and especially the preventative measures designed to foster the parent–child link and the child's development. The article also outlines the most frequent themes coming up at these psychotherapy sessions, which are illustrated using a clinical example.